CHAPTER 1 : DEFINITION OF ENGINEERING DESIGN

Introduction:

The economic future of India depends on our ability to design, make and sell competitive products. Excellent design and effective manufacture are the pre-requisites of a successive industry. There is a general impression that the quality of Indian products can still be improved. The fact that consumers have lost their confidence on Indian-made products cannot be denied. This problem can be solved only by designing and manufacturing better products through improved methodology. Keeping this in view, the subject “Design and manufacturing” purpose to present the methods and procedures of design and manufacture.
Although engineers are not the only people who design things, the professional practice of engineering is largely concerned with design. It is usually said that design is the essence of engineering.
The ability to design is both a science and an art. The science can be learned through procedures developed by eminent scholars. But the art can be learned only by doing desi

Types of Products
A product is the tangible end result of a manufacturing process and is meant for satisfying human needs. The product can be classified as follows: -
1. Convenience goods
These are less expensive and are clustered around shops and restaurants.

These can be purchased at consumer’s convenience.
E.g. Cigarette, Candy, Magazines etc.

2. Shopping goods
These are expensive and people buy it less frequently.
E.g. Jewellary garments etc.

3. Specialty goods
These are purchased, taking extra pain.
E.g. Rare objects like stamps.

4. Industrial goods.
These are items used in the production of other items.
Eg. Raw materials.
Another way of classifying products is into,
(a) Continuous Products, and
(b) Discrete products
The continuous products are those which are produced in a continuous fashion. For example, plates, sheets, tubes and bars etc are produced in very long lengths, and then these are cut into desired lengths.
On the other hand, discrete products are produced one after another, each in separate units.
On the basis of the output product, the Industry is usually named as continuous industry and discrete industry.

1.3 Requirements in a good product
1. Customer Satisfaction
2. Profit
How to achieve customer satisfaction?
-The product should function properly.
-It must have desired accuracy
-It must have desired reliability
-It must be easy to operate
-It must be serviceable
-It must make minimum space utilization
-It must withstand rough handling
-Pleasant appearances.
-Reasonable price.
How can it be profitable?
-It must be easy to manufacture
-The raw material must be cheap and easily available
-The manufacturing process has to the decided on the basis of quantity to be produced
-It must use standard parts
-It must be easy to pack and distribute.